Substrand: "7.9 Elements, compounds and mixtures" (12 periods)

This sub-strands deals with elements compounds and mixtures. An element is a pure substance, which contains only one kind of particle. A compound is a substance, which contains more than one kind of element chemically joined together. A mixture is a substance that also contains more than one element or material but they do not joined chemically. Mixtures can be separated physically by various methods depending on a type of mixture. While compounds cannot be separated physically, but can be separated through chemical means.

Learner's should:

Learner's should:

Learner's should:

7.9.1 know that an element consists of only one kind of particle (k)

7.9.1.1 give some examples of elements in the environment;

• i. aluminum – in cans, boats and foil
• ii. gold – in earrings, wedding rings and medals
• iii. silver – in coins and medals
• iv. iron – in rod, roofing sheet

7.9.2 know that elements are either metals or non metals (k)

7.9.2.1 give examples of metal and non-metal elements; metals – aluminum non-metal – carbon, oxygen sulfur
7.9.2.2 identify some properties of metal and non-metals; Metal – conduct electricity, ductile and malleable, shiny, strong Non – metal – dull appearance, poor conductors of heat and electricity

7.9.3 know that a compound is a substance formed by combining two or more elements chemically (k)

7.9.3.1 identify examples of common household compounds; water, salt, sugar, washing powder, soap

7.9.4 be able to show that a mixture is made from a two or more substances but NOT chemically combined (s)

7.9.4.1 produce mixtures from common substances; coffee and sugar, water and sugar, gravel sand, water and lemon

7.9.5 be able to separate mixtures by physical methods (s)

7.9.5.1 separating mixtures using different physical methods; evaporation (salt and water), – filtration (mud and water)

7.9.6 understand that compounds can only be separated by chemical processes (u)

7.9.6.1 illustrate and explain that it is difficult to separate a compound once it is formed example; flour, sugar, yeast and water from bread

7.9.7 appreciate the ability of elements to form compounds (a)

7.9.7.1 state the elements that combine to form water