Substrand: "8.5 Plant processes and marine ecosystems" (12 periods)

This sub-strand is about plant processes and marine ecosystems. Green plants undergo photosynthesis using carbon dioxide, water and light to produce glucose. The green pigment in the leaves is the chlorophyll. Chlorophyll absorbs light for photosynthesis. Plants release energy from the breakdown of food (glucose) by aerobic respiration. The plant root hairs absorb water and minerals (essential for plant growth) from the soil. Special vessels in plants transport nutrients and food.

The marine ecosystems include the ocean, coral reef, mangroves and all organisms (plants and animals) in the ecosystem. Marine plants and animals are important sources of food for Solomon Islanders. The inter-tidal zone is the area from the high tide water mark (HTWM) to the low tide water mark (LTWM). The coral reef covers the shallow part of the ocean.

Learner's should:

Learner's should:

Learner's should:

8.5.1 know that plants are the primary producers for life on earth (k)

8.5.1.1 state that plants are the primary producers in an ecosystem

8.5.2 know that plants carryout the process of photosynthesis (k)

8.5.2.1 describe that photosynthesis occurs in the presence of chlorophyll in green leaves
8.5.2.2 write the photosynthesis reaction in words

8.5.3 be able to show that the plant has special vessels for the transport of food, nutrients, and water (s)

8.5.3.1 demonstrate that plants have special vessels for food, nutrients, and water transport

8.5.4 know that root hairs absorb water and mineral from the soil to all different parts of the plant (k)

8.5.4.1 identify from a labeled diagram the main parts of the root hairs

8.5.5 know that plants carry out cellular respiration to produce energy for its cells (k)

8.5.5.1 describe cellular respiration and write the word equation for the process

8.5.6 know that the marine ecosystem has abundance sources of food types (k)

8.5.6.1 describe the different common marine ecosystems; i. mangrove ,ii. inter-tidal Zone iii. coral reef, iv. deep-sea
8.5.6.2 identify any five (5) marine organisms living within the different marine ecosystems

8.5.7 understand that the different ecosystems support different types of organism (u)

8.5.7.1 explain the adaptation of organism to their ecosystem; i. mangrove trees – Specialize roots to withstand salt water ii. fish – gills to separate air from water

8.5.8 be able to show that pollution affects species diversity and abundance (s)

8.5.8.1 investigate and compare the species diversity and abundance in polluted and non polluted in any of the marine ecosystems; i. mangrove,ii. inter-tidal iii. coral reef, iv. deep water ocean

8.5.9 know that there are different methods used to protect our ecosystem (k)

8.5.9.1 describe different local methods used to protect our marine resources; i. use of selected fishing techniques, ii. banning of fishing ground for period time iii. harvesting certain marine species only

8.5.10 understand that marine organisms depend on each other for their survival (u)

8.5.10.1 draw food-chains for organisms in the: a. mangrove, b. inter-tidal zone c. coral reef, d. deep water ocean
8.5.10.2 describe at least two symbiotic relationship in the coral reef ecosystem, example; i. sea anemones and the clown fish, ii. shark and remora fish

8.5.11 be able to show the external and internal fish anatomy (s)

8.5.11.1 dissect a fish
8.5.11.2 identify, draw and label the external and internal parts of a fish; External parts: mouth, eye, nostril, operculum, (gill cover) spiny dorsal fin, soft dorsal fin, caudal fin (tail), pectoral fin, pelvic fin, scales, vent, anal fin, lateral line Internal parts: kidney, swim bladder, gonads( eggs), spinal cord, spine, brain, gills, heart, liver stomach, intestine

8.5.12 know the different methods of fishing (k)

8.5.12.1 describe methods of fishing in your community
8.5.12.2 describe non- sustainable fishing in your community

8.5.13 appreciate environmentally friendly method of fishing (a)

8.5.13.1 express the importance of sustainable fishing in your community